400,000 GitHub repositories, 1 billion files, 14 terabytes of code: Spaces or Tabs?
Tabs or spaces. We are going to parse a billion files among 14 programming languages to decide which one is on top.
The rules:
- Data source: GitHub files stored in BigQuery.
- Stars matter: We’ll only consider the top 400,000 repositories — by number of stars they got on GitHub during the period Jan-May 2016.
- No small files: Files need to have at least 10 lines that start with a space or a tab.
- No duplicates: Duplicate files only have one vote, regardless of how many repos they live in.
- One vote per file: Some files use a mix of spaces or tabs. We’ll count on which side depending on which method they use more.
- Top languages: We’ll look into files with the extensions (.java, .h, .js, .c, .php, .html, .cs, .json, .py, .cpp, .xml, .rb, .cc, .go).
Numbers
How-to
I used the already existing [bigquery-public-data:github_repos.sample_files] table, that lists the files of the top 400,000 repositories. From there I extracted all the contents for the files with the top languages extensions:
SELECT a.id id, size, content, binary, copies, sample_repo_name , sample_path
FROM (
SELECT id, FIRST(path) sample_path, FIRST(repo_name) sample_repo_name
FROM [bigquery-public-data:github_repos.sample_files]
WHERE REGEXP_EXTRACT(path, r'\.([^\.]*)$') IN ('java','h','js','c','php','html','cs','json','py','cpp','xml','rb','cc','go')
GROUP BY id
) a
JOIN [bigquery-public-data:github_repos.contents] b
ON a.id=b.id864.6s elapsed, 1.60 TB processed
That query took a relative long time since it involved joining a 190 million rows table with a 70 million rows one, and over 1.6 terabytes of contents. But don’t worry about having to run it, since I left the result publicly available at [fh-bigquery:github_extracts.contents_top_repos_top_langs].
In the [contents] table we have each unique file represented only once. To see the total number of files and size represented:
SELECT SUM(copies) total_files, SUM(copies*size) total_size
FROM [fh-bigquery:github_extracts.contents_top_repos_top_langs]
Then it was time to run the ranking according to the previously established rules:
SELECT ext, tabs, spaces, countext, LOG((spaces+1)/(tabs+1)) lratio
FROM (
SELECT REGEXP_EXTRACT(sample_path, r'\.([^\.]*)$') ext,
SUM(best='tab') tabs, SUM(best='space') spaces,
COUNT(*) countext
FROM (
SELECT sample_path, sample_repo_name, IF(SUM(line=' ')>SUM(line='\t'), 'space', 'tab') WITHIN RECORD best,
COUNT(line) WITHIN RECORD c
FROM (
SELECT LEFT(SPLIT(content, '\n'), 1) line, sample_path, sample_repo_name
FROM [fh-bigquery:github_extracts.contents_top_repos_top_langs]
HAVING REGEXP_MATCH(line, r'[ \t]')
)
HAVING c>10 # at least 10 lines that start with space or tab
)
GROUP BY ext
)
ORDER BY countext DESC
LIMIT 10016.0s elapsed, 133 GB processed
Analyzing each line of 133 GBs of code in 16 seconds? That’s why I love BigQuery.
Update: Press and social media
Gizmodo, Business Insider, ADTMag, i-programmer
Gizmodo .es, Business Insider .pl, Le blog du Modérateur, Tecnoblog (pt), Biglobe (jp), My Drivers (cn), Genk .vn.
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